Historic sites reopen

Lower Sioux warehouse
The stone warehouse at the Lower Sioux Agency historic site was built in 1861.
MPR Photo/Mark Steil

When the state cut overall spending three years ago, the historic sites were among the most visible victims. Some carry the names of well-known people, like the James J. Hill House or the Oliver Kelley Farm. Others had titles associated with important events, like Fort Ridgely and the Lower Sioux Agency.

Battle of Birch Coulee
The battle of Birch Coulee is considered one of the hardest-fought battles of the Dakota-U.S. war. On Sept. 2, 1862, Dakota warriors held a detachment of cavalry troops under siege near Redwood Falls for 36 hours.
Artist: Dorothea Paul, 1975. Courtesy of the Minnesota Historical Society

At first, the state funding cuts seemed like a death sentence. Instead they became a rallying point. History buffs fought back.

"The last couple years were huge, because we had to raise the money to keep it open and that was difficult," says George Colbenson, one of those history buffs.

Colbenson says if one good thing came of the money crunch, it was the outpouring of volunteers. They held bake sales, pancake breakfasts and other fundraisers to keep the sites open, though at reduced schedules.

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Colbenson heads a group called "Friends of Forestville," associated with a historic site by that name in southeast Minnesota. He says the group got word state funding was restored in time for last year's July 4 celebration.

Execution of Dakota Indians, Mankato, Minnesota
U.S. soldiers executed 38 Dakota by hanging in Mankato, Minnesota on Dec. 26, 1862. It's the largest mass execution in U.S. history. Most historians now believe that many of those executed were innocent of the crimes of which they were accused.
Artist: J. Thullen, 1884. Courtesy of Minnesota Historical Society

"It was like we were celebrating not only the birth of our country, but also the fact that we were able to keep the site open," says Colbenson. "And the number of people that came around and shook our hands and told us, 'Thank you for working so hard to keep it open,' and all those things. It was a very moving time."

Colbenson says the well-wishers used different words to say the same thing -- history matters.

That may be most deeply felt at the Lower Sioux Agency in southwest Minnesota. Many historians consider it the most important soil in the state.

It was here that war started in 1862 between the Dakota Indians and the federal government. Hundreds of people on both sides died in the conflict.

After the war, dozens of Dakota were executed in a mass hanging at Mankato. The government forcibly removed the Dakota people from the state, and confiscated their lands.

The scars of the war continue today for families on both sides. When the site reopens on Memorial Day weekend, there will be new exhibits and activities. Also in place will be a new manager, Tom Sanders.

Tom Sanders
Tom Sanders is the new manager at the Lower Sioux Agency historic site in Morton. He has a unique perspective on the events that took place there, since he has both white and Indian ancestors.
MPR Photo/Mark Steil

"There's still healing that needs to be done, in both sides and within communities," says Sanders. "And this place can facilitate that."

Sanders occupies a unique vantage point to see the possibilities of the Lower Sioux site, since he has both white and Indian ancestors. Just as the two cultures are united within, Sanders wants the same thing to happen without.

"The healing's going to come from true understanding," says Sanders. "It's that gaining a respect for the different communities and different ways of thinking about things, the different cultures. If we can do that, then we've accomplished a great deal. And we're going to do that, I fully believe that."

Of all the historic sites, the Lower Sioux Agency suffered most. A grant from the adjacent Lower Sioux tribe kept it open during the summer of 2003. The next year, legislation was passed to turn the site over to the tribe, but the Redwood County board vetoed the idea. Out of money, the site closed in 2004.

Dakota Children
A photo of Dakota children is displayed in the visitor center at the Lower Sioux Agency historic site near Morton.
MPR Photo/Mark Steil

Then just a few weeks ago, right in the middle of reopening work, most of the part-time staff resigned. They said they were concerned with the direction being taken at the historic site, although they didn't provide any details.

New staff will open the place on time, but it won't be the only change. The Minnesota Historical Society's Heather Koop says some important business lessons have been learned from the budget cuts. One is that the historic sites need to diversify funding and customer sources.

"The major lesson for me has been to make us more outward-looking, rather than inward-looking, and really keep our focus on what the customer wants," says Koop. "It's easy for me to say I'm really interested in this aspect of history. But if there are only six other people in the world who are, too, then we're in kind of a pickle here."

Koop says lessons learned means each historic site will do things they've never done before, like draw up a detailed business plan.

At their most basic, these sorts of changes are really a history lesson, the same thing workers at the sites deal with every day. They've learned from the past three years, and want to make sure those events are never repeated.