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A shift in the weather could heighten the risk of potential health hazards after a mile-long train carrying crude oil derailed in North Dakota and set off explosions, authorities said, urging residents of a nearby town evacuate.
 


	About 2,400 people live in Casselton, about a mile from Monday's fiery derailment. The Cass County Sheriff's Office called on residents there and those living five miles to the south and east to leave their homes because of the weather shift, which it said the National Weather Service was forecasting.
 


	"That's going to put the plume right over the top of Casselton," Sheriff Paul Laney said.

Derailment sparks renewed debate over safety

Photos from the changing face of North Dakota's oil fields


	No one was hurt, and the cause is still being investigated.
 


	Sheriff's officials said that the evacuation unfolded in calm and orderly fashion in recent hours, with the majority of nearby residents heeding a strong recommendation by authorites to leave.
 


	The derailment happened amid heightened concerns about the United States' increased reliance on rail to carry crude oil. Fears of catastrophic derailments were particularly stoked after last summer's crash in Quebec of a train carrying crude from North Dakota's Bakken oil patch. Forty-seven people died in the ensuing fire.
 


Sen. Amy Klobuchar, D-Minn., said the incident raises concerns about rail safety, especially given the increase in the use of rail to transport oil.


"We're just seeing an enormous increase," she told MPR's Morning Edition. "We need to upgrade our rail lines and make sure it's safe."


Klobuchar said she has also supported pipeline expansion, as long as adequate measures are put in place to ensure safety. 


"We've seen problems with them, too, but clearly pipelines are part of the solution here," she said. 

	The explosions Monday afternoon sent flames and black smoke skyward outside of Casselton, about 25 miles west of Fargo. Investigators couldn't get close to the blaze and official estimates of how many train cars caught fire varied. (Video below.)
 


	BNSF Railway Co. said it believed about 20 cars caught fire after its oil train left the tracks about 2:10 p.m. Monday. The sheriff's office said it thought 10 cars were on fire.
 


	The cars continued to burn past sunset, and authorities said they would be allowed to burn out.
 


	Authorities hadn't yet been able to untangle exactly how the derailment happened, but a second train carrying grain was involved. BNSF spokeswoman Amy McBeth said the train carrying grain derailed first, then knocked several cars of the oil train off adjoining tracks.
 


	BNSF said both trains had more than 100 cars each. 
 


	The National Transportation Safety Board said Monday night it has launched a "go-team" to investigate the accident.
 


	Ryan Toop, who lives about a half-mile away, said he heard explosions and drove as close as about two city blocks to the fire, which erupted on a day when temperatures were below zero.
 


	"I rolled down the window, and you could literally keep your hands warm," Toop said.
 


	The tracks that the train was on pass through the middle of Casselton, and Cass County Sheriff's Sgt. Tara Morris said it was "a 
blessing it didn't happen within the city."
 


	Morris said it could take up to 12 hours before authorities could get close to the fire. About 80 of the cars were moved from the site. Jeff Zent, a spokesman for Gov. Jack Dalrymple, said the National Guard was on alert if needed.
 


	Temperatures were forecast to drop to minus 20 in Cass County overnight.
 


	"Of course, Mother Nature, being North Dakota, it has to be one of the coldest nights of the year. It's deadly cold out there tonight," Laney said.
 


	A shelter has been set up in Fargo. Casselton Mayor Ed McConnell said he didn't want any residents sleeping in their vehicles.
 


	"All the experts say it can be a hazardous situation to their health," McConnell said. "We're going to try to get everybody out of the town."

Red Cross spokesman Brian Shawn said there was a shelter prepared for as many as 500 people, but only a few showed up. 

"We sheltered 17 individuals last night, and so we provided them a spot at Discovery Middle School in south Fargo with a cot and food and any other necessary items they might need to get them through the night here until it's safe for them to get back into their homes," Shawn said.
 


	In the initial hours, authorities told residents to stay indoors to avoid the smoke. 
 


	The North Dakota Department of Health had warned in an advisory that exposure to burning crude could cause shortness of breath, coughing and itching and watery eyes. It had said those in the vicinity with respiratory conditions such as asthma, bronchitis or emphysema should minimize outdoor activity.
 


	Hannah Linnard, 13, said she was in the bedroom of her friend's house about half a mile from the derailment, wrapping late Christmas presents.
 


	"I looked out the window and all of a sudden the train car tipped over and the whole thing was engulfed in flames and it just exploded. The oil car tipped over onto the grain car," she said. Hannah said she could feel the warmth even inside the house.
 


	Terry Johnson, the manager of a grain dealer less than a mile from the derailment, said he heard at least six explosions in the two hours following the incident.
 


	"It shook our building and there was a huge fireball," he said.
 


	North Dakota is the No. 2 oil-producing state in the U.S., trailing only Texas, and a growing amount of that is being shipped by rail. The state's top oil regulator said earlier this month that he expected as much as 90 percent of North Dakota's oil would be carried by train in 2014, up from the current 60 percent.
 


	The number of crude oil carloads hauled by U.S. railroads surged from 10,840 in 2009 to a projected 400,000 this year. Despite the increase, the rate of accidents has stayed relatively steady. Railroads say 99.997 percent of hazardous materials shipments reach destinations safely.

MPR News reporters Dan Gunderson and Elizabeth Dunbar contributed to this story.

Environmental News

The Associated Press

Author

The Cass County Sheriff's Office called for evacuations as the potential for shifting winds could put the smoke plume "right over the top of Casselton," Sheriff Paul Laney said.

Many of the homes in a small North Dakota town are empty this morning after a train derailment left oil tanker cars burning and prompted an evacuation order.  The Cass County Sheriff's Office has strongly recommended that residents in Casselton - about 25 miles west of Fargo - leave town. The derailed cars that caught fire carried oil which burned -- creating thick, black smoke.  Investigators from the National Transportation Safety Board are heading to the scene. So far, the estimate of how many train cars caught fire have varied.   MPR's Cathy Wurzer spoke with Minnesota Public Radio reporter Dan Gunderson who's following the story.

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