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Tony Award-winning actress and singer Barbara Cook, an ingénue in Broadway's Golden Age — during the 1950s and '60s — who later transformed herself into a concert and cabaret star, has died. She was 89.

Cook died early Tuesday of respiratory failure, surrounded by friends and family at her home in Manhattan, according to her publicist.


The Atlanta-born soprano started her Broadway career in 1951, but it was her 1956 role in Leonard Bernstein's short-lived 

, with its popular cast recording, that ensured her immortality. In 2002, Cook told NPR that Bernstein's vocal demands were daunting.


"I was counting the high notes in the score, and there were four E flats over high C, there were six D flats, there were 16 B flats and 21 high Cs. ... That's just unbelievable," she said. "It's unheard of. But that's what was in the score for me to sing and I did it eight times a week."


Cook's next Broadway outing proved to be one of her greatest triumphs. In 

 she played the spinsterish Marian, a librarian who falls for con artist Harold Hill, played by Robert Preston

Meredith Willson wrote the book, music and lyrics for the show, which he later realized was a thinly veiled autobiography.


"One day, he came to me," Cook recalled. "He said, 'Oh ... I know who you are. I know who this character is.' He says, 'I wrote this and I didn't know it was my mother. This is my mother.' "

Cook won a Tony Award for that role. But actresses can't play ingénues forever and as the '60s drew to a close, roles became scarce. Cook succumbed to what she referred to as her "middle-escence," battling alcoholism, depression and obesity. She disappeared from the Broadway stage for five years. Then, in 1975, she reinvented herself as a highly regarded concert and cabaret artist.

 critic Stephen Holden says that as the years went on, not only did her voice grow deeper, but so did her musical interpretations.


"High voices really don't express much. They're just beautiful and phenomenal," Holden says. "And it's low voices that you can really get into the dark side of things, or whatever you want to call it. And she goes there and puts all of her life into what she sings."

Over the decades, Cook also developed her own philosophy and approach to performance. She said, "I think it's absolutely, totally important for a person, first of all, to hopefully know who they are as a performer and to choose songs that illuminate that person; and then to be present — to really, really be present."

A previous version of this story said Barbara Cook began her Broadway career in 1950. In fact, she made her debut in 

Arts and Culture

Jeff Lunden

Author

Cook became famous for her parts in Leonard Bernstein's Candide and Meredith Willson's The Music Man. Then, when Broadway roles became scarce, she reinvented herself as a concert and cabaret artist.

Barbara Cook, Tony Award-winning actress and singer, dies at 89

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