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Federal officials heard an earful Wednesday at a public meeting in Superior, Wis., about the 

 at the nearby Husky Energy refinery that injured 36 people and forced the evacuation of much of the city last spring.
 

About two dozen residents from Duluth, Superior and surrounding areas addressed the three sitting members of the U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board, who had come to town at the request of several Minnesota and Wisconsin congresspeople.

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The April explosion occurred about 150 feet from a spot on the refinery grounds where 15,000 pounds of the chemical was stored. Shrapnel from the blast punctured a nearby tank of asphalt, which gushed out and caused a massive fire to burn for about four hours, creating an enormous black smoke plume.
 

But debris from the explosion did not damage the tank containing the hydrogen fluoride, and a fire suppression system kept the tank protected.


Still, Norm Herron of Duluth told board members that Husky should replace the chemical with something less hazardous.
 

"The cost to manufacture a product must never take precedence over the safety and health of the people who reside and work in the Twin Ports," he said. 

 
The Chemical Safety Board, as the federal agency is more generally known, investigates major chemical accidents nationwide. The independent board delivers recommendations, but it can't issue fines or citations.

CSB Interim Animation on Husky Refinery Explosion and Fire

The explosion and fire at the Husky refinery was caused by a failed valve that allowed air to mix with hydrocarbons in a part of the refinery where crude oil is processed into gasoline and other byproducts.


 
CSB investigator Mark Wingard offered an update on the agency's investigation at the start of the meeting. He said the cause of the incident was very similar to that of 

an explosion at an ExxonMobil refinery in Torrance, Calif.

Animation of 2015 Explosion at ExxonMobil Refinery in Torrance, CA

Both incidents also took place at a moment when the refineries were nearing the end of an operating cycle. The Superior refinery was in the process of shutting down for maintenance after running since 2013.


Both explosions also occurred near tanks containing hydrogen fluoride. In the CSB's final report on the Torrance incident, the agency called it a "near-miss event" in which explosion debris nearly hit tanks containing the toxic chemical.

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The federal government subsequently sued ExxonMobil to force the company to release 

 related to the incident and to safety measures in place. 

 
Chemical Safety Board member Rick Engler told the crowd in Superior that it makes sense to investigate whether debris from the explosion at the Husky refinery could have hit vessels containing hydrogen fluoride.
 

"I feel strongly that there have been enough incidents over history, there's enough consensus among many, that hydrogen fluoride poses a potentially severe risk to communities. And the CSB needs to take very seriously some type of action steps to move that forward," he said.

 
Husky Energy spokesperson Mel Duvall said in an email that the company realizes "the community still has questions and concerns about what happened on April 26, as well as what the rebuild of the refinery will look like."

 
Husky doesn't expect to resume operations until sometime in 2020, and Duvall said the company is still evaluating options around the use of hydrogen fluoride.

The Chemical Safety Board plans to release its final report with recommendations sometime next year.

Science

Disasters

Environmental News

Dan Kraker

Author

After an explosion and massive fire at the Husky Energy refinery in Superior, Wis., in April, residents of Superior and Duluth are calling for the end of the use of a hazardous chemical used at the plant called hydrogen fluoride.

Superior residents ask feds to end use of toxic chemical at refinery

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