Wintry mix spreads across Minnesota

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The Minnesota Department of Corrections placed prison inmates in solitary confinement more than 8,000 times last year — a record for the state. The number of solitary sentences has fluctuated over the years, but has been going up steadily for the last two years. 

Last session, the Legislature passed a law on the use of solitary confinement. Among other things, it requires people being placed in solitary to be screened for mental health issues, and the Corrections Department to report back to the Legislature regularly about the use of solitary. 

Rep. Nick Zerwas, R-Elk River, who helped sponsor the legislation, said he's concerned about the numbers. 

"The discouraging thing," he said, "is it appears as though the use of solitary confinement appears to be going the opposite direction that a lot of advocates and legislators would like to see."

Meanwhile, the department implemented new regulations in June that increase the maximum time allowed in solitary from 90 days to a year. It also put levels of infractions in place, designed to connect the infraction and the punishment. For example, Level 1 allows up to 30 days in solitary for minor misconduct, while a person may be sentenced to up to a year in segregation for “major offenses,” such as homicide or sexual assault.

The mental and physical effects of solitary confinement

How solitary confinement is used in Minnesota prisons

Corrections Commissioner Paul Schnell said the objective of the new rules is to "control behavior" and that ultimately the department wants to make sure there are incentives that help people get back into the general prison population. 

Research has long shown that solitary confinement exacerbates symptoms of mental illness and can even trigger symptoms in people who had not previously shown them. Solitary confinement is sometimes used as a way to separate unruly prisoners from the general population, even if the behavior is triggered by mental illness. 

But people are also sentenced to time in solitary for other reasons as well. 

"What I don't want people to believe is that only folks that are going into restrictive housing are folks that struggle with mental illness problems," said Schnell. "That certainly can be the case, but it's not always the case."

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A new Minnesota law on the use of solitary confinement requires prisons to check on the mental health care of people sentenced to solitary and to regularly report to the Legislature on the use of solitary. Yet solitary confinement was used a record number of times in Minnesota last year. 

The Minnesota Department of Corrections placed prison inmates in solitary confinement more than 8,000 times last year -- a record for the state. The number of solitary sentences has fluctuated over the years, but has been going up steadily for the last two years.

Solitary confinement used a record number of times in Minnesota last year

Barbed wire tops a fence separating two parts of Stillwater prison. 

Evan Frost | MPR News file

Corrections Commissioner Paul Schnell discusses prison staffing

Solitary confinement used a record number of times in Minnesota last year

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