Cooler but still well above normal this week

MPR News helps you turn down the noise and build shared understanding. Turn up your support for this public resource and keep trusted journalism accessible to all. 

Turn Up Your Support

Phillip Hancock on Thursday became the fourth death row inmate 

 this year. The state's parole board had voted 3-2 to recommend clemency for Hancock, who was convicted for the 2001 murders of two men, but the governor declined to intervene.

Nationally, executions climbed for the second year in a row in 2023, with Texas and Florida accounting for more than half, according to 

 by the Death Penalty Information Center. The increase comes as public opinion continues to turn against the death penalty.

Twenty-four people have been put to death so far in 2023, up from 18 in 2022 and 11 in 2021. 

The center found that the increase can be attributed to Florida's return to executions after a three-year pause "as [Gov. Ron DeSantis] launched a presidential campaign."

The state carried out six executions — Florida's highest number since 2014 —  and it imposed five new death sentences, the highest number of any state this year. 

, following the Parkland shooter trial, DeSantis made it easier for juries to impose the death penalty after signing a bill undoing a unanimous vote requirement. Now, an 8-to-4 jury vote is sufficient to recommend a death sentence. It is the lowest threshold in the county. 

Meanwhile, Texas continued its streak as the nation's busiest capital punishment state, conducting eight executions this year.

The remaining court-ordered deaths were limited to three states: Alabama, which killed two inmates after 

last year; Missouri carried out four death warrants, including the first known 

, Amber McLaughlin; In Oklahoma, after a brief moratorium and internal investigation into failed execution attempts the previous year, the state carried out four of its 11 scheduled executions. 

Americans believe the death penalty is unequally applied

But despite the uptick in state-sanctioned deaths, a majority of the public is turning against executions. 

For the first time since it began surveying Americans on the death penalty in 2000, a 

 found that more people believe that the death penalty is administered unfairly (50 percent) than fairly (47 percent). Support for the death penalty, at 53 percent, is the lowest since 1972, the poll showed.

"The data show that most Americans no longer believe the death penalty can be imposed fairly," Robin Maher, executive director of the Death Penalty Information Center (DPIC), said in a statement.

The DPIC reports that given those shifting attitudes, as well as changes in the law and prosecutorial decision-making, most of the prisoners who were executed over the last 11 months "would likely not have been sentenced to death if tried today." 

Instead, the prisoners would likely receive life sentences because contemporary juries are typically presented with comprehensive biographical and psychological

histories of the defendant, the DPIC argues. And it adds that defense attorneys today make more compelling arguments for an alternative sentencing.

The study found that jurors now hear much more evidence of a defendant's mental illness, developmental impairments, and severe trauma during court proceedings, and therefore, are more likely to consider their effects before imposing the ultimate punishment. 

According to data analyzed by the DPIC, 79 percent of the death row inmates executed in 2023 had some disability or impairment, including serious mental illness, brain injury, developmental brain damage, or an IQ in the range considered intellectually disabled; and/or chronic serious childhood trauma, neglect and/or abuse. 

The report adds: "One-third or eight of the people executed had all three. At least three prisoners were under the age of 20 at the time of their crimes."

DPIC's Maher said the changing attitudes toward the death penalty also extend to conservative lawmakers and elected officials who, in recent years, have expressed "an unprecedented show of support for death-sentenced prisoners" moving some to "oppose use of the death penalty in their state."   

Oklahoma Republicans rally for a new trial for Richard Glossip

That is evident in Oklahoma, where Republican Attorney General Gentner Drummond and a bipartisan group of 62 Oklahoma lawmakers — 45 of whom are also Republicans — are calling for the courts to vacate the conviction 

In 1997, Justin Sneed, a handyman at an Oklahoma City motel killed his boss, Barry Van Treese, with a baseball bat during a robbery attempt. Sneed was soon captured and admitted to the murder. When the case went to trial, Sneed claimed that Glossip promised to pay him $10,000 in a murder-for-hire plot. 

 and it spared him the death penalty. In the end, Sneed received a life sentence without parole

and is now serving time in a medium-security prison, while Glossip, who has maintained his innocence, faces death. 

Glossip's first conviction was overturned on appeal due to ineffective counsel. In 2004, a second jury also found him guilty, issuing the death penalty. 

But questions about Sneed's testimony and the absence of evidence against Glossip have undermined the legitimacy of the death sentence, leading to four stays and two independent investigations. 

that the district attorney's office at the time had told police to destroy a box of evidence before Glossip's second trial and that crucial surveillance video information had also disappeared. Additionally, in the intervening years, letters written by Sneed, in which he asks his now-deceased attorney about recanting his testimony, have also surfaced, throwing another wrench into the legitimacy of the court proceedings.  

All of that has prompted the state attorney general to intercede on Glossip's behalf. 

"While the State has previously opposed relief for Glossip, it has changed its position based on a careful review of the new information that has come to light," 

 to the Oklahoma Court of Criminal Appeals in April. 

The evidence has also moved Oklahoma state Rep. Kevin McDugle, a Republican,

 he believes Glossip is innocent and deserves a new trial. McDugle said that after digging into the case and watching a documentary about Glossip, he "saw zero evidence that this guy actually had anything to do with the murder."

He added: "I am good with the death penalty as long as we have a pure process all the way through, and we can say for sure, for certain, that we're executing guilty people. But if we have any ability for someone to get through there and be an innocent person, then I will fight against the death penalty here." 

The DPIC's latest report notes that cases like these, combined with instances in which death row inmates are exonerated after decades of maintaining their innocence, raise new concerns about the fairness and accuracy of the death penalty itself.

Another factor moving some lawmakers to enact moratoriums or pauses on executions is the continued difficulties states face in obtaining lethal injection drugs. As of now, 29 states have either 

abolished the death penalty or paused executions

 by executive action. Some who wish to forge ahead with scheduled death warrants have explored 

Crime, Law and Justice

Homepage

Vanessa Romo

Author

Twenty-four executions have been carried out in 2023 — five more than last year, the Death Penalty Information Center says. Meanwhile, 50 percent of Americans say the death penalty is applied unfairly.

Executions are on the rise in the U.S., even as public support wanes

Go Deeper.

Like this?

News you can use in your inbox