MPR News Presents

On International Holocaust Remembrance Day: Voices from the Warsaw Ghetto

Sam Rafowitz, left, and Regina Kugler, right.
Left: Sam Rafowitz, born May 22, 1925, in Warsaw, Poland. In October 1940 the Nazis established the Warsaw Ghetto, forcing 400,000 Jews into a small area of the city. At 15, Rafowitz was assigned to a work detail. One day he never came home. Sam was picked up by the SS and began an ordeal that spanned five years through five different camps. Right: Regina Kugler, born July 15, 1928, in Siemiatycze, Poland. Kugler and her family boarded trains for what they were told were "labor camps." But as the train pulled from the station her father, Abraham recognized that the route led to the Treblinka extermination camp. At the urging of her father, Regina joined 12 others and jumped from the train. She made it to safety in the dense forest but the rest of her family died in the crematorium of Treblinka.
David Sherman | JCRC