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The killing of a black man at the hands of white police officers has sparked days of civil unrest in the United States. Those sparks have landed in a tinderbox assembled over decades of economic inequality, now made worse by the coronavirus pandemic.

Minneapolis police officers initially confronted the man — George Floyd — on suspicion that he'd used a counterfeit $20 bill to buy cigarettes. The viral video of what followed captured an individual tragedy. But it's set against a backdrop of poverty and discrimination that have long colored relations between law enforcement and the African American community.  

African Americans are worse off than whites by almost every economic measure. And that divide has only deepened during the pandemic that's sent the country into its worst economic downturn in generations.  

 last year found that even in good times, African Americans are less able to pay their monthly bills than whites or Latinos. That's hardly surprising, since 

 among African Americans is 41 percent lower than that of non-Hispanic whites.  

40 percent less likely to own their homes

 than whites — depriving many African American families of an opportunity to build wealth. The gap in homeownership is particularly stark in Minneapolis. A 

, the online real estate company, found black homeownership in the city lags more than 50 percentage points below the white rate. 

"It tells us that there's racism baked in to the housing market," said Andre Perry, a fellow at the Brookings Institution and author of “Know Your Price: Valuing Black Lives and Property in America's Black Cities.”

Income disparity, segregation, and racial redlining have all contributed to low national levels of homeownership among African Americans. Although blacks made housing 

, that was reversed by the subprime mortgage crisis, which led to a 

Before the pandemic struck, African Americans were enjoying a strong job market. The black unemployment rate in February was 5.8 percent — near a 50-year low, though still higher than the white rate. Since then, unemployment for all racial groups has soared to double-digits. But the black-white gap has not noticeably worsened. 

African Americans who are working, however, are more likely to hold jobs that put them at risk of infection. A 

found that in 2018, less than 20 percent of African Americans held jobs they could do from home, compared to about 30 percent of whites. 

Higher risk of on-the-job exposure to the coronavirus is compounded by African Americans' higher rates of diabetes, heart disease and other conditions that are thought to contribute to 

"There have been epidemics in the black community that have existed for generations before COVID," Perry said. "COVID accentuated and exposed those epidemics."

Just as the pandemic puts unequal health outcomes under a microscope, the video of George Floyd's last moments illuminates the frustration brought about by generations of economic hardship.

"That action really symbolized the knee on the neck of black homeowners and renters," Perry said. "It represents the employers who don't provide the kind of benefits and wages that will lift African American communities." 

He suggested the demonstrations taking place across the country, five months before a national election, provide an opportunity for candidates to spell out how they would deal with these challenges.

"If we don't address the structural inequality," Perry said, "we'll be right back in the same place when the next inevitable crisis hits." 

Business and Economic News

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Conversations around race and racial justice

Crime, Law and Justice

The murder of George Floyd

Scott Horsley

Author

Police brutality has sparked days of civil unrest. But the sparks have landed in a tinderbox built over decades of economic inequality, now exacerbated by the coronavirus pandemic.

From jobs to homeownership, protests put spotlight on economic divide

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