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The Biden administration is proposing stricter regulations to reduce leaks of methane from oil and gas industry operations. It comes as world leaders at the U.N. climate meeting in Glasgow are pushing countries to join a 

 to cut methane, a climate warming gas that's even more potent than carbon dioxide.

Methane is the main ingredient in natural gas.  But it doesn't stay in the atmosphere nearly as long as carbon dioxide, the most common human-caused greenhouse gas. That's why the 

 reducing methane emissions now "would have a rapid and significant effect" on global warming.  

Watch President Joe Biden’s news conference at 2:30 p.m. CT

Watch President Joe Biden's news conference at 2:30 p.m. CT

, but they only apply to new and modified operations. In a major expansion, these new rules also will apply to existing facilities.

"America is back and leading by example in confronting the climate crisis with bold ambition," said EPA Administrator Michael Regan.

Biden announces a plan in Glasgow to help poorer countries with climate change

His agency estimates the proposed regulations would reduce 41 million tons of methane emissions by 2035, more than the equivalent carbon dioxide emitted from all passenger cars and commercial aircraft in the country in 2019. 

Another agency, the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA), is issuing a final rule that expands federal oversight to include more natural gas pipelines. For the first time, more than 425,000 miles of "gathering pipelines" that move gas from production sites to interstate pipelines will be regulated by the Department of Transportation. 

"After years in development, these new regulations represent a major step to enhance and modernize pipeline safety and environmental standards," said U.S. Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg.

A senior administration official says that next year PHMSA also will propose a safety rule to regulate methane leaks from 2.3 million miles of distribution pipelines in cities. 

The oil industry is split on strict methane regulation

The oil, gas and coal industries are the 

 of human-caused methane emissions. An Environmental Defense Fund 

 found that cutting methane emissions now could slow the near-term rate of global warming by as much as 30 percent. 

But the industry is split on whether there should be more government regulations. Big oil companies generally supports more rules and smaller ones oppose them. 

The large companies are heavily invested in natural gas. They worry that if methane emissions aren't controlled it could undermine arguments that gas is cleaner-burning than coal for generating electricity. 

"We cannot make the climate case for the widespread use of natural gas if we don't manage and contain it," wrote Shell U.S. President Gretchen Watkins in a statement to NPR last April. 

 President Joe Biden signed that reversed a Trump administration rollback of methane leak regulations. Other large oil companies expressed similar views at the time on Twitter, including 

Smaller drillers at the time said new regulations would be expensive and could put some out of business. Lee Fuller with the Independent Petroleum Association of America said his organization supported "cost-effective methane management under the Clean Air Act" but wanted special standards for small businesses and less profitable wells. 

 from the oil and gas industry.  Since then, the state has found — based on reports from oil and gas companies — that methane emissions have increased more slowly than oil production.  But in Boston, a new study using a different method finds methane leaks along smaller distribution lines are 

 authors indicate methane leaks in other cities may also be higher than what the EPA has estimated. 

Carbon dioxide gets most of the attention when it comes to greenhouse gases but lately there's more attention on methane.  In May, a 

 urged immediate cuts in methane, calling it "the strongest lever we have to slow climate change over the next 25 years."

As Biden seeks to pass budget legislation to support his climate change plans, Democrats have drafted several forms of a methane fee. The details are 

 in Congress, but essentially the fee would charge oil and gas companies for releasing certain amounts of methane and potentially pay them to monitor and reduce emissions. Past methane fee proposals have faced opposition from the oil industry and even Democrats in fossil fuel states. 

In Glasgow this week, the U.S. and the European Union are leading an effort for a 

. Countries that sign it commit to collectively reduce global methane emissions by at least 30 percent by 2030. The White House says meeting that goal would reduce warming by at least 0.2 degrees Celsius (0.36 degrees Fahrenheit). The heads of about 90 countries have agreed to the pledge so far. 

"For too long this potent super pollutant has fallen off the agenda at major climate summits while its emissions have risen to all-time highs," said Sarah Smith of the Clean Air Task Force. She said this risks "pushing our planet closer to potentially irreversible tipping points." 

What EPA announced Tuesday is just a proposed regulation. Now the agency will collect comments, with final rules expected by the end of 2022. 

Environmental News

Politics and Government News

Climate

Jeff Brady

Author

In a major expansion, the new rules would apply not just to new operations but to older ones as well. Methane is a potent greenhouse gas, and considered key to slowing global warming quickly.

Biden proposes new rules to cut climate-warming methane emissions

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